Nervine: A Vintage Medication Pitched to Stressed Out Moms

Funny how now matter how much time passes, some themes never seem to change, such as the image of the stay-at-home mom stressed out by taking care of her children. So, in honor of Mother’s Day, here is a vintage medical ad (click to enlarge) for Nervine, which was indicated for anxiety, sleeplessness, or restlessness, complete with a money back guarantee. Nervine was available in liquid or effervescent form and it had a large female following.

Nervine was not only sold as a treatment for anxiety, sleeplessness, and restlessness but also for exhaustion, epilepsy (seizure disorder), spasms, fits, pain (including backache, headache, and nerve pain), depression, and St. Vitus dance. St. Vitus dance is a disease characterized by rapid, uncoordinated jerking movements mainly affecting the face, feet, and hands.

In the general sense, a “nervine” is a plant that has some type of positive effect on the nervous system. However, the active ingredient in Nervine was bromide (a form of bromine), which was once used as a sedative and an anti-convulsant (a medication used to treat seizures). While Nervine was claimed to be “…among the safest of effective medications to clam the nerves” this was not the case. The problem is that excess consumption of bromide can lead to bromism, which is a condition that leads to various psychiatric, neurological, gastrointenstinal, and dermatological symptoms.

Bromine and/or forms of bromine (e.g., bromides) are currently used in pesticides, disinfectants, flame retardants, as a gasoline additive, and for swimming pool maintenance. Its use has been limited in the U.S. but is still contained in some food products. Bromine has no known essential role in human health. The FDA does not currently approve bromine for the treatment of any disease and it was removed from all over the counter sedatives in 1975.

Nervine was the product of Dr. Franklin Miles, who started Dr. Miles Medical Company (which became Miles Laboratory in 1935) in Elkhart, Indiana. The company was in existence independently from 1885 to 1979, at which point it became a subsidiary of Bayer until 1995. The company achieved its initial success from Nervine, which led to a popular mail-order business and a free publication called Medical News which was really an advertising platform for the product. Nervine (which was often referred to as Dr. Miles Nervine) was taken off the market as a curative medication in the 1960s.

Cocaine Tooth Drops

Many people are aware that Coca-Cola used to contain a small amount of cocaine in the product but what many people may not know is that cocaine was widely used in many mainstream medical products back in the day, even for children. A good example is a real advertisement shown here for Cocaine Toothache Drops (click to enhance image).

The product claimed to produce and instant cure from toothache, which is probably correct since it has known anesthetic properties. The problem is that it can cause significant restriction of blood vessels, heart damage, and other negative effects throughout the body.

Cocaine Toothache Drops cost 15 cents when they were available (first registered in 1885; last sold in 1914). They were prepared by the Lloyd Manufacturing Co. in Albany, N.Y. and sold by pharmacists (known as druggists back then). No prescription was needed. Prior to 1914, cocaine was legal in the U.S.

In the times these drops were sold, cocaine was not considered harmful in moderate doses, which is a reminder of how commonly accepted medical advice today may some day be provided incorrect.

Junior Seau did NOT suffer 1500 concussions

In one of the most eye-catching headlines regarding the death of Junior Seau related to the pre-mature speculation that concussions caused him to commit suicide was the unfounded claim by a former teammate (Gary Plummer) that he suffered 1500 concussions (mild traumatic brain injuries) in a story run by USA Today. In the article, it states the following regarding Seau:

“If a 'Grade 1' concussion means you see stars after a hit, Plummer says he's had 1,000 in his career, and his ex-teammate, Junior Seau, had 1,500.”

The problem with this line of reasoning is that the premise is incorrect. Concussion grading scales were popularized by the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) in 1997. AAN described three grades of concussion, with higher grades reflecting a more significant injury. Grade 1 criteria are described as follows:

1.    Transient confusion.
2.    No loss of consciousness
3.    Concussion symptoms or mental status abnormalities on examination resolve in less than 15 minutes.

Grade 1 concussion is the most common yet the most difficult form to recognize. The athlete is not rendered unconscious and suffers only momentary confusion (e.g., inattention, poor concentration, inability to process information or sequence tasks) or mental status alterations. Players commonly refer to this stat as having been “dinged” or having their bell rung.”

There is nothing mentioned at all about seeing stars which is why Plummer’s premise is incorrect as are all of the subsequent calculations that lead to the 1500 concussion number. Alteration of mental status can refer to disorientation (e.g., not knowing where you are or what happened), post-traumatic amnesia, or retrograde amnesia, but not seeing stars. It can also refer to loss of consciousness, but loss of consciousness is not counted in Grade 1.

Seeing stars (technically known as photopsia) can technically caused by an infarctive (lack of oxygen) stroke in the occipital lobe (the visual processing area of the brain) but that is far different from a concussion. Most often, seeing stars is caused by mechanical stimulation of the nerves of the eye, which can occur after forces are applied to the head after a hit, but again, this is not the same as a brain injury.

You can easily cause the experience of seeing stars for benign reasons as well right now. Just take your two index fingers, gently press your eyelids when your eyes are closed, and you can see stars when your eyes are closed and even more so when they are open. Did you just give yourself a brain injury? Of course not. Certain medications (e.g., quetiapine, voriconazole) are known to cause photopsia. Other causes include retinal damage, ocular melanoma (cancer), and migraine headaches. When the retina is irritated, electrical impulses are discharged, which are interpreted by the brain as flashes of light (e.g., stars). It’s that simple.

To be fair to Plummer, he stated that he received his information from a concussion seminar in the 1990s, but if his recall of what he was told is accurate, then he was provided incorrect information.

Related Article: Does Second Impact Syndrome Exist?

Reference: AAN (1997). Practice parameter: The management of concussion in sports (summary statement), 48, 581-585.

Acne 101: A Primer

Causes of Acne
Acne is a condition that affects 20% of adults in the United States, approximately 60 million Americans. It affects all ages, races, and genders and, unfortunately, is one of the more stigmatized medical conditions, causing many people to experience significant depression and social alienation.

Additionally, treating acne can be a difficult, time-consuming ordeal and can sometimes still leave behind scars. Some sufferers seek acne scar treatment to erase the lesions left behind from bad cases of acne.

Most people associate acne with the hormones released during adolescence. While this is certainly a common source, it is not the only one. There are in fact, multiple causes for acne and each one may require a different treatment. Here are the 5 main causes of acne:

Hormones

Again, the most commonly associated cause of acne is the hormones released during adolescence. During puberty, male sex hormones create more androgen, which enlarges follicle glands and increases production of sebum. Other hormonal causes of acne include menopause, pregnancy and menstrual cycles.

Genes

Acne is not always genetic, but a predisposition to it can run in families. This predisposition can also make children more susceptible to acne lesions and scars.

Stress

Medical experts are still debating the role of stress in acne, but most agree that it does contribute to and, in some cases, cause acne. Many clinical studies have shown that high levels of stress (which are know to create hormonal imbalances) contribute to worsening acne conditions.

Infection

An anaerobic bacterium known as P. acnes causes acne, as does Staphylococcus epidermis. What is still unclear is whether these strains arise pathogenically or in relation to other adverse factors.

Diet

People often think that high sugar levels are what cause acne when really it is a matter of the glycemic load (GL) someone is consuming. The GL index determines how much a person’s blood glucose will rise. To be sure, foods with high sugar levels dominate the top of this list. Most commercial sodas and pastries contribute to worsening acne.

Treatment

Treatments for acne run the gamut from first line medications, antiseptics, antibiotics, hormones, topical retinoids, and anti-inflammatories to cosmetic procedures like dermabrasion, phototherapy light exposure, laser treatment and even surgery. People also try alternative medicines like egg oil, tea tree oil, and aloe vera. Natural treatments include dietary changes and exercise. Consult a doctor before pursuing any acne treatment.

Top Medical News: Obesity Epidemic, Dementia and Depression, Breast Cancer Detection & More

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1. Forty-two percent of US may be obese by 2030: study: Forty-two percent of the US population could be obese by 2030, up from about one-third currently, and the associated rise in health woes would likely cost $550 billion over two decades, said a study on Monday.

2. Depression in middle age linked to dementia: People who have symptoms of depression in middle age may be at increased risk of dementia decades later, a new study suggests.

3. Eating Well Without the Flavor of Shame: In his new book, the veteran food writer Peter Kaminsky writes that by maximizing flavor, you can satisfy your food cravings with smaller portions.

4. Is Workout Supplement Ingredient DMAA Safe?: Researcher Calls on FDA to Ban Speed-Like Ingredient DMAA.

5. Zinc Pills May Shorten Colds, Analysis Suggests: Those suffering from the common cold will try almost anything to relieve their symptoms, but a cure has yet to be found.

6. Curry Ingredient May Have Cancer Treatment Benefits: New research reveals that curcumin, found in the curry ingredient turmeric, may significantly reduce side effects for bowel cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and help them to be able to go through treatment longer.

7. Idaho infant dies from whooping cough: Whooping cough took the life of a 9-week-old girl from Idaho this week, the first death from an outbreak of the highly contagious respiratory disease that has hit Idaho, Washington state and Montana, health officials said on Friday.

8. Mothers like chubby toddlers, study suggests: And nearly 70 percent unable to correctly assess their child's body size.

9. Range of brain diseases could be treated by single drug: The tantalising prospect of treating a range of brain diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, all with the same drug, has been raised by UK researchers.

10. Mammograms Beat Thermography for Breast Cancer Detection: Newer technology missed half of tumors and yielded many false positives, researchers say.

11. Greater Purpose in Life May Protect Against Harmful Changes in the Brain Associated With Alzheimer’s Disease: Greater purpose in life may help stave off the harmful effects of plaques and tangles associated with Alzheimer's disease, according to a new study by researchers at Rush University Medical Center.

12. Lab worker killed by rare bacteria was UC Berkeley grad who wanted to combat disease with science: A lab researcher apparently killed by the bacteria he was studying at the San Francisco VA Medical Center had dedicated himself to combating fatal diseases after a relative's death, said those who knew him.

13. Massive rise in Asian eye damage: Up to 90% of school leavers in major Asian cities are suffering from myopia - short-sightedness - a study suggests.

Top Medical News: Joggers Live Longer, Spouses and Dementia, Gym Mistakes, Meningitis Vaccine & More

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1. Joggers Live Much Longer: Results from the Copenhagen City Heart study reveals that regular jogging considerably increases life expectancy of men by 6.2 years and women by 5.6 years. In order to gain the optimum benefits for longevity the researchers recommend jogging at a slow or average pace for between one to two and half hours per week.

2. Bayer challenges India cancer drug ruling: German pharmaceutical giant Bayer AG has challenged a ground-breaking Indian ruling that allowed a local firm to produce a vastly cheaper copy of its patented drug for kidney and liver cancer.

3. Five Common Mistakes You’re Making at the Gym: Hitting the gym every day is great — unless you're doing it wrong. We've asked fitness experts to help tweak your workout to make it more effective.

4. When Illness Makes a Spouse a Stranger: Like many others, Ruth French finds herself grappling with her spouse’s frontotemporal dementia, a group of brain diseases that eat away at personality and language.

5. Multitasking Makes You Feel Good: Though Not Productive, Multitasking Fills Emotional Needs, Study Shows.

6. Germs Behind Urinary Tract Infections Becoming More Resistant to Drugs: E. coli bacteria’s resistance to ciprofloxacin (Cipro), the most widely prescribed antimicrobial for urinary tract infections in the United States, increased five-fold between 2000 and 2010, according to a new study.

7. Argentine 'miracle baby' tiny but stable a month on: An Argentine baby who was mistakenly declared dead and whose parents found her breathing in the morgue 12 hours later has survived her first month of life, weighing in at just under 1 kilo (2.2 pounds).

8. Early well-child check-ups can help identify children at risk of emotional, behavioral problems: A new study suggests clinicians might be able to identify children at risk of later emotional or behavioral problems by paying attention to a few key signs during early well-child check-ups.

9. Researchers closer to meningitis vaccine: Australian researchers say they are a step closer to developing a vaccine against the type of meningitis that mostly affects Europe and North America and kills hundreds every year.

Top Medical News: Can Email Kill You? Fertility Birth Defects, Breast Cancer Treatment, & More

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1. Taking E-Mail Vacations Can Reduce Stress, Study Says: You probably don’t need a doctor or scientist to tell you this, but your e-mail could be killing you.

2. Fertility treatment babies prone to 'serious defects': Children conceived with the aid of fertility treatments are more likely to be born with serious physical defects, according an Australian study published on Saturday.

3. Asthma an Often Unrecognized Risk for Older People: Study Shows That Older Adults With Asthma Often Face Serious Health Risks

4. Swaddling Infants Too Tightly May Cause Hip Problems: When swaddling an infant, make sure to leave the blankets loose enough to allow leg and hip movement, experts say.

5. Sports & Energy Drinks Damage Teeth: Sports drinks hit the wire today with a red light that their level of acidity is increasingly responsible for irreversible damage to teeth, especially amongst adolescents and younger adults, their predominant target market.

6. Recalled dog food tied to salmonella outbreak: At least 14 people in nine states have been sickened by a rare strain of salmonella linked to contaminated dry dog food, government health officials reported.

7. Squirrel tests positive for plague at California campsite: A ground squirrel trapped at a popular campground in southern California has tested positive for plague. 

8. Radiofrequency ablation during breast cancer surgery can provide effective alternative to XRT: Radiofrequency ablation of the lumpectomy site during breast cancer surgery can provide an effective alternative to post-operative external radiation therapy (XRT) and reduce repeat surgeries to achieve clear tumor margins, according to one of the first published long-term studies to examine this new treatment protocol.

9. Early Noninvasive Paternity Test Based on SNPs Is Accurate: A new test, based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms, that only requires a maternal blood sample can correctly identify paternity as early as 8 weeks' gestation, according to a letter published in the May 3 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.

Top Medical News: Cheese Lowers BP, Bees Treat Prostate Cancer, Black Pepper Fights Fat, & More

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1. Cheese, please: Could a little Grana Padano drop your BP?: Integrating a type of Italian cheese, Grana Padano, into the usual diet of mildly hypertensive patients not taking any ACE inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) resulted in a significant drop in mean blood pressure of 7 to 8 mm Hg compared with control patients, preliminary research shows.

2. Indian drug giant Cipla slashes cancer drug prices: Indian generic drug giant Cipla said Friday it had slashed by up to 76 percent prices of three anti-cancer medicines in what it called a "humanitarian" move and promised to cut the costs of more products.

3. Beastie Boy dead at 47: What is salivary gland cancer?: It's extremely rare for people to be diagnosed with salivary gland cancer. Most Americans who get it are older than 55.

4. Discrepancies on Medical Bills Can Leave a Credit Stain: As patients assume more of the responsibility for costs, complex billing and more aggressive collection by providers are resulting in negative credit report data that lingers for years.

5. Black Pepper May Help Fight Fat: Pungent Ingredient in Black Pepper Targets Fat Cells

6. Rising Obesity Rates Might Mean More Rheumatoid Arthritis: A new study suggests that severe weight gain might raise the risk for rheumatoid arthritis — a painful, chronic ailment — especially among obese women.

7. Nanotechnology In Medicine: Huge Potential, But What Are The Risks?: Nanotechnology promises to revolutionize drug delivery, gene therapy, diagnostics, and many areas of research, development and clinical application.

8. Amish farm kids remarkably immune to allergies-study: Amish children raised on rural farms in northern Indiana suffer from asthma and allergies less often even than Swiss farm kids, a group known to be relatively free from allergies, according to a new study.

9. Dental dilemma: Do kids need sealants?: Dental sealants are recommended for children when their permanent molars come in, but only a fraction of kids actually get them, say dentists who call the process one of the most under-used treatments to prevent decay in adult teeth.

10. Squirrel tests positive for plague at California campsite: A ground squirrel trapped at a popular campground in southern California has tested positive for plague.

11. Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice launched at EuroPRevent2012: The latest cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention guidelines have been overhauled to produce a user friendly document with concise messages that awards greater weight than ever before to evidence from clinical trials and observational population studies.

12. FDA says study overestimated non-compliance with data-reporting laws: US drug regulator finds no evident harm caused by sponsors failing to post drug-trial data.

13. Beehive Extract Shows Potential as Prostate Cancer Treatment: An over-the-counter natural remedy derived from honeybee hives arrests the growth of prostate cancer cells and tumors in mice, according to a new paper from researchers at the University of Chicago Medicine.

CTE (Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy) and Suicide Link is Premature Speculation

With the recent suicide of Junior Seau from an apparent self-inflicted gunshot wound to the chest, there is once again widespread speculation that the death was caused by possible chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). CTE is a broad term used to refer to repetitive, often subclinical (e.g., asymptomatic), injury to the brain from a variety of contact sports and other causes. Whether or not Seau had this condition (his brain was just donated for scientific study to determine this), it is premature to speculate that he killed himself because of the condition.

Personally, I have never bought into the supposed link between CTE and suicide, as if people are mindlessly controlled to take their lives due to a distant history of concussions that may never have never been documented or known about. Are we to believe that Junior Seau seemed fine and jovial the week prior to his death and that CTE (which is a chronic condition) suddenly took control of his mind and caused him to shoot himself in the chest? That makes absolutely no sense whatsoever. Many of these player's had ample non-neurological explanations (e.g., business failings, federal indictments, depression about lack of post-career football success) for why they would commit suicide. I explain this more in an upcoming chapter on CTE that I wrote with Dr. Shane Bush:

Carone, D., Bush, S. (2012, in press). Dementia pugilistica and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. In R. Dean & C. Noggle (Eds.), Cortical Dementias.  New York:  Springer. 

In Seau’s case, we do not yet know what troubles he may have been experiencing in his life that led him to commit suicide and it is unclear if we will ever know since he did not leave a suicide note. But, the fact is that people kill themselves or try to kill themselves every day, even if they are perceived by others as successful in life. Many people put on a social mask to hide their inner distress from others and are unaware of the emotional distress that someone else may be experiencing. It is known Seau was divorced and was arrested in 2010 for history of domestic violence towards his ex-girlfriend. Hours later, he survived a 100-foot fall down a cliff in his SUV after he claimed he fell asleep. Perhaps, but it is also possible that this was an earlier suicide attempt in reaction to the events from hours earlier. The bottom line is that it is unclear if there was any family matters that could have contributed to his recent actions. 
For those who speculate that CTE caused Seau to commit suicide, it is important to note that suicide is an act that is completed or attempted by many professional and college athletes, including outside the NFL such as college basketball, professional basketball, college baseball, professional baseball, professional golf, and professional tennis players. Do all these athletes have CTE too? Are scientists hunting down their families to have them donate their brains for analysis? Not to my knowledge. Here is just a partial listing of many athletes who have killed themselves even if they didn't actually have a history of concussions or repetitive head trauma.

1. Thomas Emma (Duke basketball player)

http://rivals.yahoo.com/ncaa/basketball/blog/the_dagger/post/ex-duke-basketball-captain-dies-in-apparent-suicide-attempt?urn=ncaab,wp3264

2. Jim Dinwiddie (Kentucky basketball player)

http://www.kentucky.com/2012/02/07/2059865/former-uk-wildcat-basketball-player.html

3. Mel Turpin (Kentucky basketball player)

http://bleacherreport.com/articles/417496-mel-turpin-80s-basketball-star-commits-suicide

4. Troy Raymond (NBA and college basketball player):

http://probasketballtalk.nbcsports.com/2011/08/16/former-nba-current-college-referee-commits-suicide/

5. Nine other basketball players:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Basketball_players_who_committed_suicide

6. Erica Blasberg (professional golfer)

http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504083_162-20014634-504083.html

7. Mike Flanagan (MLB player)

http://articles.nydailynews.com/2011-08-25/sports/29951521_1_flanny-mike-flanagan-orioles-owner-peter-angelos

8. Hideki Irabu (MLB player)

http://keepingscore.blogs.time.com/2011/07/29/hideki-irabu-a-one-time-baseball-sensation-meets-a-sad-end/

9. Stephan Gant (top MLB prospect)

http://msn.foxsports.com/mlb/story/vanderbilt-baseball-signee-mlb-draft-prospect-stephen-gant-dies-apparent-suicide-040412

10. Jennifer Capriati (professional tennis player, attempted suicide)

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1290590/Jennifer-Capriati-attempted-suicide-depression-failed-tennis-career.html

Also see the entries entitled, Junior Seau did NOT suffer 1500 concussions and Does Second Impact Syndrome Exist?  \

Top Medical News: Junior Seau, Myeloma, Avian Flu, Alzheimer's, Choline, & More

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1. Autopsy conducted on body of NFL star Junior Seau: Medical authorities conducted an autopsy on Thursday on the body of Junior Seau, a day after the former star San Diego Chargers linebacker died of an apparent suicide in his beachfront California home, a coroner's official said.

2. US health care spending highest, Japan lowest: study: A study of 13 industrialized countries released Thursday showed Japan spends the least on health care, while the United States spends the most without providing superior care for the money.

3. Ethicist: We need safer drugs for our kids: Today, four out of five children hospitalized in the U.S. are given medications that were never tested for them.

4. Fewer Teens Are Having Sex: Use of Highly Effective Birth Control Also Increasing.

5. Overly Long Pregnancies Linked to Behavioral Problems in Toddlers: Children born after a longer-than-normal pregnancy are at increased risk for behavioral and emotional problems, a new study suggests.

6. Avian Flu Study Finally And Fully Published: After endless toing and froing over whether two studies that demonstrated how bird flu, also known as avian H5N1 influenza, or avian flu, should be published, one of them has appeared in the latest issue of the journal Nature in its entirety.

7. How does the FDA monitor your medical implants? It doesn't, really: Each prescription drug you take has a unique code that the government can use to track problems. But artificial hips and pacemakers? They are implanted without identification, along with many other medical devices.

8. Study: Omega-3s may help lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease: Eating foods such as chicken, fish and nuts may help lower blood levels of a protein strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease and memory problems, according to new research.

9. Increased maternal intake of choline better for the baby: Pregnant women may have added incentive to bulk up on broccoli and eggs now that a Cornell University study has found increased maternal intake of the nutrient choline could decrease their children's chances of developing hypertension and diabetes later in life.

10. Multiple Myeloma Detection Better with CT Scans: A new study of finds low-dose, whole body CT scans are nearly four times better at detecting multiple myeloma than radiographic skeletal survey, which is currently the standard approach in the United States.

11. Low Oxygen Levels Could Drive Cancer Growth, Research Suggests: Low oxygen levels in cells may be a primary cause of uncontrollable tumor growth in some cancers, according to a new University of Georgia study. The authors' findings run counter to widely accepted beliefs that genetic mutations are responsible for cancer growth.

Top Medical News: Garlic Beats Antibiotics, Soy for Hotflashes, Infertility, Asthma and more

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1. Garlic Compound Fights Source of Food-Borne Illness Better Than Antibiotics: Researchers  have found that a compound in garlic is 100 times more effective than two popular antibiotics at fighting the Campylobacter bacterium, one of the most common causes of intestinal illness.

2. Clinical trials often fall short: US study: Most clinical trials for cancer, heart disease and mental health are too small to offer adequate medical evidence, said a review of the US database of such studies released on Tuesday.

3. Facebook encouraging organ donations: On average, 18 people die each day waiting for an organ transplant. Billionaire Facebook co-founder Mark Zuckerberg wants to change that.

4. Letting Families Stay in the Trauma Ward: Having family members and other loved ones present in the trauma ward when children are being treated has no detrimental effect on their care, a new study reports.

6.The Worst Cities in the U.S. for Asthma: Memphis, New Haven, and Knoxville Top List of 'Asthma Capitals'

7. Sleep Curbs Influence of Obesity Genes: If you’re genetically predisposed to be overweight, the amount of sleep you get each night could make a big difference in how influential those genes are, a new study suggests.

8. Touch And Hearing Impaired By Gene Mutation: Two of the 5 human senses - hearing and touch - have a common genetic basis.

9. ER visits after drinking may not be covered: Laws in more than half the states permit insurers to deny payment for medical services related to alcohol or drug use and that can derail hospitals’ best intentions, experts say. Faced with the prospect of not getting paid for care, some emergency department personnel may sidestep the problem by simply not testing patients’ blood or urine for alcohol.

10. New procedure drastically cuts tattoo removal time: Called the R-20 technique, patients can begin to see results in just one session. 

11. Couples with infertility and miscarriages offered detailed embryo screening with 99% accuracy: New research will soon enable couples with infertility and miscarriage and those carrying genetic disease and abnormalities to access advanced embryo screening.

12. Bariatric surgery maintains, doesn’t gain: Once a fast-growing procedure, its numbers have plateaued because of the deep recession and other societal forces.

13. Does soy help cool hot flashes after all?: Despite a good amount of evidence to the contrary, a new research review suggests that soy supplements can indeed help women find relief from menopausal hot flashes.

Top Medical News: Pesticides & Brain Damage, Breast Feeding, Migraines, Pancreatic Cancer, & More

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1. Pesticide exposure linked to brain changes, study: When pregnant women are exposed to moderate levels of a common pesticide, their children may experience lasting changes in brain structure linked to lower intelligence, a US study said Monday.

2. Technology Eases Migraine Pain in the Deep Brain: New brain stimulation technology can prevent debilitating migraine attacks from occurring, a new study suggests.

3. Research questions impact of pacifiers on disrupting breast-feeding: New research, however, casts doubt on the notion that pacifier use disrupts breast-feeding.

4. E.R. Doctors Face Quandary on Painkillers: Overuse of narcotics and addiction are an issue, but emergency physicians often lack the training and tools to effectively help patients complaining of tooth pain and seeking prescription painkillers.

5. One Baby per Hour Born Drug Dependent: Researchers Say It's a Growing Maternal and Child Health Problem in the U.S.

6. Having Kids Doesn’t Inspire Adults to Eat Healthier: Study: Starting a family does not lead young adults to eat healthier in order to set a good example for their children, a new study says.

7. Pancreatic Cancer - Drug May Target Faulty Gene In 15% Of Patients: A new class of cancer drug which targets a faulty gene might be effective in treating some aggressive pancreatic cancers

8. FDA advisers back HeartWare blood pump device: HeartWare International Inc won a U.S. advisory panel's support on Wednesday for its most important product -- a blood pump that helps people with severe heart failure.

9. Stressed moms more likely to overfeed their babies: Mothers under stress may be particularly prone to over-feeding their infants, a new study suggests.

10. As America's waistline expands, costs soar: The additional medical spending due to obesity is double previous estimates and exceeds even those of smoking, a new study shows.

11. 54% doctors support denying treatment to smokers and the obese until they quit or lose weight: Many doctors have come forth with their support of the measures to deny treatment to smokers and the obese, according to a survey.

12. Physicians fight “unworkable” Medicare overpayment rule: More than 100 physician organizations adamantly oppose a requirement that practices keep 10 years of records to identify possible excess pay.

13. Hospital Debt Collector Draws Scrutiny: A member of Congress is calling for a full-scale investigation into the reportedly questionable debt collection practices of a company accused of harassing patients in emergency rooms into paying their bills.

14. Health Insurers to Pay $1.3 Billion in Rebates: Health insurance companies' shares fell Thursday as independent study showed that health insurers will pay $1.3 billion in rebates.

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1. California, Vermont consider tougher vaccine-exemption rules: Physician organizations are concerned about the rising number of parents who skip immunizing their children for personal or philosophical reasons.

2. Botox may treat nighttime teeth grinding: Botox may help prevent teeth grinding at night, a small study suggests.

3. Sperm Viability Greatly Reduced in Offspring of Animals Treated With Common Antibiotic Tetracycline: Male pseudoscorpions treated with the antibiotic tetracycline suffer significantly reduced sperm viability and pass this toxic effect on to their untreated sons.

4. Dutch okays mutant bird flu study's publication: The Dutch government on Friday gave a top scientist the green light to publish a research paper in the United States on a mutant killer flu virus, following approval by a US panel of experts.

5. Newborns battle drug withdrawal: As more babies are born addicted to prescription painkillers, a hospital focuses on helping these tiny victims.

6. Chicken Scratches vs. Electronic Prescriptions: Studies show that errors are much less likely when doctors send prescriptions to the pharmacy via computer. But the move to such e-prescriptions has been relatively slow.

7. Kids With Type 2 Diabetes, Combo Treatment Best?: Study Shows Early Aggressive Treatment May Result in Better Blood Sugar Control.

8. Bullied Children at Greater Risk for Self-Harm, Study Finds: Children who are bullied are three times more likely than others to self-harm by the time they are 12 years old, according to a new study.

9. Cancer Survivors Told To Exercise, Eat Healthily, And Maintain Ideal Bodyweight: If you are a cancer survivor and you want to minimize your risk of that cancer recurring, or another cancer developing, you should eat a healthy diet, do plenty of exercise, and maintain a healthy body weight, says the American Cancer Society in its new guidelines.

10. Feds weigh pulling drug licenses for two CVS stores: A federal hearing began on Wednesday on whether to bar two CVS Caremark Corp drugstores in Florida from selling potentially addictive painkillers as part of a government crackdown on prescription pain pills, especially oxycodone.

11. Heavy teens have trouble managing diabetes: New research sends a stark warning to overweight teens: If you develop diabetes, you'll have a very tough time keeping it under control.

12. Chef fights rheumatoid arthritis with ‘Hero Foods’: Seamus Mullen, a chef and owner of the New York City-based restaurant Tertulia, was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in 2007. He wrote Hero Foods: How Cooking With Delicious Things Can Make Us Feel Better, which discusses the foods you should eat if you are dealing with an autoimmune disease.

13. Best and worst paid doctors survey: More and more U.S. doctors are regretting their career choices.

Top Medical News: KFC, Viagra, Fruit Flies, Salty Food, Meat Glue, Insomnia, Glaucoma, Pain, & More

Rather than navigating to a variety of websites to stay on top of the top daily medical news, try bookmarking the MedFriendly Blog and using this new proposed daily feature, where the day's top medical stories are compiled all in one place.

1. KFC ordered to pay $8.3 million to Australian girl: Fast food giant Kentucky Fried Chicken has been ordered to pay Aus$8 million (US $8.3 million) to an Australian girl who suffered severe brain damage and was paralysed after eating a Twister wrap.

2. Soft drinks: Public enemy No.1 in obesity fight?: Would cutting sweetened drinks help America's fight against weight or diabetes? About 25% of Americans gets at least 200 calories a day from sugary drinks. Beverage makers say their products are part of a sensible diet.

3. Loyal Companion Helps a Veteran Regain Her Life After War Trauma: Tori Stitt is among a growing group of war veterans finding that service dogs can offer relief from some of the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder.

4. High Reps With Low Weights Builds Muscle, Too: Study shows that lifting a ton is not the only way to bulk up.

5. Research Gets Closer to Genetic Roots of Glaucoma: Two genetic variations are linked to a common form of glaucoma, known as primary open-angle glaucoma, according to new research.

6. Denosumab (Xgeva) Not Approved For Metastasis Prevention: Amgen's application for expanded indications for denosumab (Xgeva) were turned down by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) - the expanded indications were to include bone metastases prevention in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer.

7. High salt intake linked to higher stroke risk: Older adults with salty diets may have an increased risk of suffering a stroke, a new study suggests. 

8. Should you be grossed out by 'meat glue?': Still reeling from the specter of "pink slime," beef industry officials on Friday fought off another culinary creep-out: “meat glue.” Reports say some restaurants are sticking together scrap meat and calling it prime steak, but experts contend that's not quite the case.

9. Thirty percent of US workers don't get enough sleep: Nearly a third of workers in the U.S. aren't getting enough sleep, according to a new government report.

10. Study reveals direct correlation between negative thinking about pain and poor sleep: Chronic pain sufferers who learn to dwell less on their ailments may sleep better and experience less day-to-day pain, according to results of research conducted on 214 people with chronic face and jaw pain.

11. More physicians calling the shots in latest round of ACOs. Most of the new accountable care organizations approved by Medicare are led by doctors, who can share bonuses for keeping patients healthy and cutting costs.

12. D.C. Week: Hospital Payment Update Proposed. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services proposed a slight pay hike for hospitals for 2013, and the Government Accountability Office said the Obama administration should cancel a Medicare bonus program.

13. Fruit Flies Provide New Knowledge About Uninhibited Cell Growth: In a new study, scientists at the University of Copenhagen show that a specific type of carbohydrate plays an important role in the intercellular signalling that controls the growth and development of the nervous system.

14. FDA Backs New Rival For Viagra: The Food and Drug Administration on Friday approved a new drug from Vivus Inc. to treat erectile dysfunction.

The Fat Naked Guy on Ft. Lauderdale Beach: Society's Abandonment of the Mentally Ill

A few weeks ago, I took a trip back to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, a place where I used to live from 1998 to 2002. I loved living there at the time and was excited to return. While I found some things the same, I noted that the area was generally run down. People had told me that and I did not want to believe it, but it was true. For example, in my formerly beautiful apartment complex, a dog was swimming in the pool and many residents had their personal belongings packed onto their balconies making it look like a scene from A&E’s hit TV show, Hoarders. The formerly spacious and pristine Fashion Mall was abandoned. The spacious Sawgrass Mills Mall was strewn with litter between the rows of palm trees. Many of the downtown shops on the famous Las Olas Riverfront were gone, partly due to hard economic times. The beautiful downtown Riverfront area was also non-functional, with no working escalators and sections cordoned off by police tape.

Thankfully, my graduate school alma mater, Nova Southeastern University was in great shape and the campus was gorgeous. The Davie Ale House was still terrific and the famous Zingers were a delicious accompaniment to lunch. Dinner at The Oasis Café was nice on the famous swing tables along the beach.

But it was what I saw after dinner that completely ruined my entire day and return to the Ft. Lauderdale area. After dinner, I decided to take a walk with my family along the beach walkway. Across the street from the Route 66 Rock Bar on A1A, my wife and I noticed a large dark object on the beach wobbling from side to side and making strange noises. At first, we did not know what it was, but upon closer inspection, it became clear that this was a morbidly obese naked man rolling around in the sand who was barking at times and aggressively talking gibberish to people walking by.

I could not believe what I was seeing. Never, when I used to live there, would something like this be permitted.  Fortunately, we were quick enough to be able to shield our young children’s eyes from this scene but other families were likely not so lucky. Having moved past him, we took one picture for documentation purposes which is shown above. Then, we saw three young adults standing over him, laughing, apparently taunting him, and snapping pictures of him. This was equally disturbing. No one seemed to be trying to rectify the situation and there were no police officers were in sight.

So, I walked over to the Beach Place open mall area which was about a block away (and also run down). I walked up to a security guard and described what I saw. He instantly knew who I was talking about, smiled, and laughed, as did the person who was standing next to him. They told me that the man had been coming there for years and he is sometimes taken away when enough people complain but that he always finds his way back there somehow. They showed absolutely no interest in trying to have the man removed again. In speaking with a clothing store worker across the street from where he was laying, she stated that he has been coming there for about four years and that there have been times when he actually has stopped traffic due to rolling out onto the road. She seemed frustrated but did not seem to believe she could fix the situation. Before I left for the night, someone had thrown a towel on him.

When I got home, I began to do some research on this situation and discovered that his name is Kelvin (Kelvin Lamar Willaims to be exact). In some of the Youtube videos, he is shown singing incoherently. It is clear that he is mentally ill. He apparently has some ability to walk and had been seen getting to the beach by bus. One person noted that he was a frequent patient in a local mental health facility, a problem known to many health professionals as the revolving door syndrome. In all of the videos I found, Kelvin had his clothes on so his nakedness appears to be something new. One such video is here:







The situation I saw led me to reflect about:


1. How society has failed to properly care for many people with chronic severe mentally illness. Kelvin is just one example but his case is portrayed here to highlight the problem. While the police can take Kelvin to a mental health facility, they do not have funds to keep him there forever. He claims to be a former military member and if true, the Veteran’ Administration should bear some responsibility for his care. Kelvin needs to be taken to a mental health facility when needed and eventually brought to some type of supervised living situation designed to care for such individuals. One of the core functions of government is to provide a safety net for the most vulnerable members of society. If Kelvin does not qualify, I do no not know who does.

2. Law enforcement is apparently not dealing with the problem effectively. I am not saying that Kelvin should be put in jail, but he cannot be allowed to stay there. Public nudity is not allowed on the beach, is not appropriate for children to see, and it is scary for people to see someone aggressively yelling at people who pass by on what should be a relaxing beach. Regardless of the fact that he keeps coming back after being taken away, since when is that an excuse not to enforce the law? Again, this does not mean he should be imprisoned, but there needs to be better coordination between law enforcement, mental health facilities, and social services to keep him in the proper setting.

3. The apparent lack of concern of many in society towards the severely mentally ill. It was clear that many in the area viewed the situation as comical or have just become so used to it that they have given up.    

4. How this typified the degradation of the Ft. Lauderdale area. What is the Chamber of Commerce thinking? Do they think this is a scene that endears tourists to the area? I would never go back there, particularly with children, until some massive changes take place. It pains me to say this because I have great memories and love for the Ft. Lauderdale area.

Plan of Action:

1. Since no one on the beach seemed to want to address this situation or felt helpless to address it, I decided I would try to bring some attention to the matter by writing a blog entry about it, especially since I could not find any local news articles written about this situation via an internet search. This is remarkable considering that he has been there for years.

2. I am going to send a copy of this blog entry to the two local newspapers (Miami Herald and the Sun Sentinel) to see if either is willing to bring more public attention to this matter.

3. Posting this to the Ft. Lauderdale Chamber of Commerce Facebook page. They will probably delete it but you can go there and demand they use their influence to try to do something about the situation. I will email them the blog post as well.

4. Contact the Mental Health Association of Broward County at info@mhabroward.org

5. Contact the state Senator’s and local legislator’s for that area. 
    A. Senator Bill Nelson can be contacted here.
    B. Senator Marco Rubio can be contacted here.
    C. Congressman Allen West can be contacted here.  

6. Contact the Broward Sheriff’s Office.

7. Contact the National Alliance on Mental Illness.

8. Contact the local Channel 7 news channel. 

9. Spread the word on social medial sites.

Update on 6/1/12: Not a single one of the above sources responded to my email inquiries and as predicted, the Ft. Lauderdale Chamber of Commerce deleted the Facebook post about this matter. Also, as further evidence of the decline of the Ft. Lauderdale area, Ft. Lauderdale resident Rudy Eugene recently had the distinction of becoming the person who chewed a man's face off in broad daylight on the Miami Causeway.

Update on 6/25/12: I found out that Kelvin Williams was arrested for cocaine possession shortly after I saw him on the beach. Here is his mug shot.

Providing Independence and Safety

As family members grow older, the risk of being alone increases. If you have a loved one who is living by himself at home, a medical alert system might be his only way to communicate in an emergency. These lifelines are a must for any senior who desires to remain independent without sacrificing his safety.


Moving into an assisted living center signals the end of independence for a senior, which can be emotionally devastating. If a senior can still take care of herself and conduct daily activities without help, there is no need for her to move. Remaining in her own home can prevent the trauma of losing her independence. Medical alert devices are used to let the senior stay in her home, which may make improve her happiness level by staying independent.

A medical alert device gives even the most independent senior citizens a safety net. Should the senior fall and cannot reach a phone, she only has to touch the button on the medical alert device she wears to send a signal to the the system's dispatcher who may contact the family, an ambulance, or a doctor. This method is the preferred option as the dispatch center acts as a control to determine the level of assistance the senior needs. Sometimes the signal goes straight to the local 911 dispatcher, but such 911-direct systems pose the risk of triggering too many false alarms with 911.

Most alert systems are designed for simple use, even for a senior who may have difficulty with moving their hands or seeing. Such simplicity makes these devices a better alternative to a home telephone or cell phone in an emergency because phones require remembering and dialing several numbers. A senior in an emergency situation may not recall the phone number of those she needs to reach. With a pendent alert, a single button gets the senior in touch with a person who will get help.

While there are a variety of medical alert systems available to choose from, the important thing is to find one for your senior loved one. Giving them an alert device can give you peace of mind knowing that your relative will be able to get help in an emergency. Such a device also gives the senior the ability to remain independent while maintaining her personal safety. There can be no better gift for every member of the family.

The above is a guest blog entry.

Ladies...Check Those Tampons

A few days ago, a blogger named Danielle Parr posted the image below, stating that she discovered it in a box of Kotex tampons. She stated that it was a moldy tampon, and yes, that’s exactly what it looks like. Usually, we associate mold with old food, bathroom walls, attics, toilet or toilet bowls but it can infest cotton or rayon, the materials used to make tampons. Many women who use tampons have gotten into such a routine with them, that it is common to just take them out of the wrapping and insert them without looking at them. Based on this story, it makes sense to check these things out before using them. If anyone inserted a moldy tampon inside of them, you could potentially become quite ill, despite Kotex officially responding that the mold poses no health risk. As of now, the mold is being testing by ABC affiliate, WFAA. Lastly, it is worth noting that people have claimed finding all sorts of things in manufactured products, only for it to later be found to be a false claim. However, Kotex’s response that this sort of mold has been found on their tampons before makes that unlikely to be the case here. The difference is that now people have blogs and can get information out to the masses.

Why Obamacare is in Deep Trouble

In the 2007 Democratic primary, Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton fought tooth and nail on many issues. One of them was on universal healthcare, in which every American would have health insurance. Both agreed that they wanted to implement a universal healthcare system but they differed on the approach. Hillary’s plan was to implement an individual mandate. That is, each American would be forced to purchase healthcare or face a stuff penalty. Obama opposed the mandate at the time because he stated Americans who could not afford to purchase it would be worse off – they would have no health insurance, plus they would have to pay a fine or have the money taken out of their pay checks. He compared this to forcing the homeless to buy houses, obviously something that would be ridiculous.

Once Obama was elected, however, his healthcare plan changed in that he implemented the exact individual mandate that he railed against during the campaign. That is, if you did not purchase health insurance you could not only face a fine but be imprisoned. Obama defended this by arguing that if his plan lowered the cost of healthcare premiums by having more people pay premiums, that it would not be fair to allow some people not to pay for it. He also argued that this is similar to people being mandated to purchase car insurance. However, there are two major differences. The first is that auto insurance laws are set by the states and states do have a right to set mandates. The difference with a federal health insurance program, however, is that while the U.S. Constitution grants the federal government (via Congress) the right to regulate commerce, it does not grant it the right to force people to purchase anything such as insurance premiums. Secondly, even in states where there are mandates to purchase auto insurance, this only applies if you own an automobile. But there is no mandate to purchase the automobile to begin with and not everyone owns an automobile for various reasons. 

The other problem with a federal healthcare mandate is that it opens the door to almost any activity that can be conceivable linked with healthcare to be federally regulated such as the types of food you eat (e.g, a mandate to eat vegetables every day) and the activities you engage in (e.g., mandated exercise). For a country that was established on the principles of a centralized government with limited federal powers, the individual mandate would open new doors to increase those powers dramatically. In addition, the mandate would essentially amount to a tax on young people to pay thousands of dollars in healthcare premiums (when the true cost they should be paying is under $1000) to help pay for the costs of the elderly and the sick. Thus, the mandate is essentially a tax that is not explicitly identified as one. It’s a hidden tax and no one likes hidden taxes. However, most Americans have figured this one out and most people want the law repealed.

What is really incredible about this whole issue is that the Obama administration and many other Democrats apparently never considered that an individual mandate could be considered unconstitutional. Either that, or they did think about it but did not believe it would be successfully challenged. For example, when House Speaker Nancy Pelosi was asked about this very issue two years ago by a reporter, her only response was repeating the phrase “Are you serious?”

Now, the individual mandate and the healthcare law is before the U.S Supreme Court since 26 states have challenged it along with a group of plaintiffs consisting of the National Federation of Independent Business. If the questioning by the Supreme Court Justices is any hint as to the final ruling (which is usually the case) then it looks like the individual mandate will be ruled unconstitutional. If that occurs, Obamacare (Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act) may be eliminated entirely because the mandate is critical for the law’s success.

10 Conditions Parents Often Misdiagnose

The article below was sent to me by the staff at the National Nannies website and per their request, I have decided to feature part of it here because I thought that some of the points are well-made.

One of the roles we play as parents on occasion is that of family physician. Recognizing and treating minor ailments and then deciding whether a doctor visit might be in order is all in a day’s work for most moms and dads. That’s not to say our diagnoses are always right; we do get it wrong on occasion too, and here are some common illnesses and ailments that trip us up. The following is a list of the 10 most misdiagnosed kids’ ailments by parents:

1. ADHD – Parents will often interpret the signs of this disease as being indicative of a disruptive or unruly child. It is necessary to conduct testing to ascertain that the child is indeed suffering from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
2. Asperger’s Syndrome – Parents of children with Asperger’s Syndrome will frequently confuse the symptoms with autism. Naturally, either case requires a professional diagnosis, but initial tendency is for parents to lean towards their child having autism unless proven otherwise.
3. Bacterial Meningitis – Sharing many of the same symptoms of the flu such as fever and headaches, bacterial meningitis is often mistaken for the more common flu. Light sensitivity, seizures and skin rashes may also accompany those symptoms.
4. Vocal Cord Dysfunction (VCD) –This illness is characterized by sudden, abnormal narrowing of the vocal cords, which results in obstructed airflow and a wheezing sound during breathing. This is frequently misdiagnosed by parents and doctors alike as asthma.

For more, see the original version is at this link.

The Mickey Mouse Sign in Medicine: part 4

Today is the fourth and last example of the Mickey Mouse sign in the field of medicine. The image below comes from a 63-year-old man with diabetes mellitus who underwent ultrasound scanning of the femoral arteries (types of arteries in the legs). The picture below (presented in this article) shows a Mickey Mouse appearance formed by the presence of a blood clot in the legs.  Such blood clots are not always associated with symptoms and can be deadly. The presence of the Mickey Mouse sign on such scans helps identify such blood clots much easier. Be sure to check out the first, second, and third examples of the Mickey Mouse sign. The image below is copyrighted by BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & the British Association for Accident and Emergency Medicine.

The Mickey Mouse Sign in Medicine: part 3

The third way in which the Mickey Mouse sign can show up in medicine is via ultrasound scanning in the detection of anencephaly. Anencephaly is the absence of a large part of the brain and the skull. It is the most common abnormality affecting the central nervous system (brain and spine). Most babies born with this condition do not survive birth. The picture below (copyrighted by Wiley from this article) shows the appearance of a Mickey Mouse face on the ultrasound. In reality, it is showing a large amount of protruding, abnormally developed brain tissue. The sign was first identified in 1994 and its presence helps diagnose anencephaly early in pregnancy. Be sure to check out the first Mickey Mouse sign, the second Mickey Mouse sign, and the fourth Mickey Mouse sign.

The Mickey Mouse Sign in Medicine: Part 2

Today is the 2nd example of The Mickey Mouse sign in the field of medicine. What you will see in the picture below is an image from a coronary angiography of a 58-year-old man presented in this article. An angiography is a technique that produces a picture of the inside structure of blood vessels. You will see two large black circles shaped like Mickey Mouse ears, which is an aneurysm. An aneurysm is a balloon-like expansion of a blood vessel due to weakening of the blood vessel walls. Be sure to also see part one, part three, and part four of the Mickey Mouse sign.The image below is copyrighted by the American Heart Association.

The Mickey Mouse Sign in Medicine: Part 1

Mickey Mouse was created by Walt Disney in 1928. His impact has been felt all over the world, including the field of medicine. If you have children, your pediatrician’s office likely has pictures of Mickey to make it more comforting. For the same reason, pediatric nurses often wear Mickey on their clothes, children are sometimes given Mickey Mouse stickers, and Mickey Mouse cartoons may be playing in the waiting room. But beyond the obvious use of Mickey Mouse in pediatric medicine, Mickey Mouse has managed to show up in various images of the body, all of which are referred to as Mickey Mouse signs. In the next four blog entries (excepting the MedFriendly Blog contest over the weekend), I will provide four examples of the Mickey Mouse sign in medicine.

Case 1 involves a 55-year-old woman with breast cancer who underwent a bone scan to determine if the cancer had spread to the bones. In the picture of the spinal area below, the Mickey Mouse sign is the black area seen in the 2nd lumbar vertebrae (lower back). The black pattern of three dots shows areas in which the injected radiotracer was absorbed by the bone. The finding was consistent with Paget’s disease, which is a form of chronic bone inflammation and rapid bone destruction that distorts the bone structure. As a result, unusual patterns can present on bone scan images, including the Mickey Mouse sign. Come back tomorrow to see another Mickey Mouse sign. The image below was featured in this free article and is copyrighted by the Society of Nuclear Medicine. Be sure to see part two, part three, and part four of the Mickey Mouse sign.

Why Kermit the Frog Rules

Kermit the Frog is the undisputed leader of the Muppets and his presence dates back to 1955. He’s the only Muppet to be featured prominently of The Muppet Show and Sesame Street. Kermit the Frog is used here as a symbol for all sorts of frogs (and toads), which play an important role in medical science. If you think back to middle school or high school, you likely had to dissect a frog in science class to learn about different parts of the body. For many children, this spurred further interest in the inner workings of the body and turned many on to the biological sciences.  

Observations of frog deaths and body malformations in frogs have been taken by some to be warnings of possible environmental effects on humans. Scientists have also genetically engineered headless tadpoles, which led to speculation that headless people may be genetically created in the future for organ donation harvest. Frogs have been used to study the effects of space flight, which include changes in the lungs, tails, growth, and behavior. Although frogs may sound like perpetual victims (it’s not easy being green), they are actually a resilient species, being one of the unexpected survivors from the Mt. St. Helens volcanic eruption. In fact, the western toad experienced a population boom there because they fed of the algae that resulted from the lack of lakeshore trees and because their predators (snakes and birds) had not yet recovered. The findings helped ecologists better understand the resilience of some species and ways that some species can survive natural disasters. Yes, folks, Kermit the Frog truly rules and science owes him a lot.

If you liked this entry, you may also like Cookie Monster is Not Autsitic

Reference: Am J Med Genet. 2001 Nov 22;104(2):99-100. Is Kermit the frog in trouble? Cohen MM Jr